Hi
Thanks for such a detailed post 
From the error information you have shared, you are playing SimCity (2013), right? Also, are we talking about the trial for the game available in Origin?
First thing I would try is repairing the game if you installed it through Origin, to make sure all the files are installed correctly. To repair the game, you would need to right click on it and select the 'Repair' option.
Let us know if that helps 
-Mai