Hi
Are your roads upgraded to HD? If you've plopped a lot of High Wealth parks or increased your residential wealth by plopping certain buildings, you can limit the population capacity. HD/LW residential buildings house a lot more sims than HD/HW residential.
I would check your land value data map to make sure you have LW, check the happiness data map to see what, if anything, is bringing the happiness level down, and your density data map to see where you may need to upgrade roads to support HD residential.
If you want to post pictures of your data map and population data, we can see if anyone has more ideas to help.